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Arrays in PHP

In the world of programming, you normally use two kinds of variables, one is what is called scalar variables which can only store one value at any given time. Another kind of variable is what is called arrays which are indexed storage location that are able to keep multiple values. By default, the array index starts at 0.

Creating Arrays

To create an array, you can either use the array function array() or the array operator array_name[]. Bellow are examples of how to create arrays:

$firstnames = array(“Nelson”, “Daniel”, “Harper”, “Jennifer”);

Another way to achieve the same results is to use the following notation or format:

$firstnames[] = “Nelson”;

$firstnames[] = “Daniel”;

$firstnames[] = “Harper”;

$firstnames[] = “Jennifer”;

Both these approaches will create an array with four values and indexing starting at zero and ending with 3.

Associative arrays

With this kind of arrays, instead of using the numeric index, they use named keys. The format is to use the key and the ( => ) symbol, then followed by the value to be associated with the key. For example:

$teacher = array(

“name” = “Mike Ndango”,

“position” = “auto-electrician”,

“age” = “30”);

Retrieving array values

For ordinary arrays, all you have to do to retrieve the value is to use the index position. For example to get the name Nelson from the $firstnames array, you do the following:

echo $firstnames[0];

because Nelson is the first item in the array, by default it is going to be stored in index position 0. Retrieving values from an associative array is also very similar, except, instead of using numeric index positions, you use the name key to retrieve the values like:

echo $teacher[name]

to retrieve the teachers’ names.

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Udjuni.com

Arrays in PHP

Creating Arrays

Associative arrays

Retrieving array values

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